Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation and Squamous cell staining with Papanicolaou (Pap) stain.

Lab report ( 4 )
Buccal Smear Preparation and Squamous cell Staining

Student name
Academic number


Objective:
Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation and Squamous cell staining with Papanicolaou (Pap) stain.

Material:
ᴥ Microscopic glass slide.
ᴥ Wooden stick or spatula.
Glass coverslip. ᴥ
. Alcohol 95% , 90% and 70% ᴥ
ᴥ Papanicolaou (Pap) stain .

Collection:
Gently mouth was scrapped with the wooden stick for 5-10 seconds.
Then, smear in wooden stick was speared over the glass slide for 2 – 3 seconds.

Procedure :
First slide was fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol fixative immediately for 15 minutes. Then it was treated with 70% alcohol for 2 minutes. After that, it was treated with tap water for 2 minutes. It was stained in Harr’s hematoxylin for 4 minutes. Rinsed in tap water briefly. Next dehydrated in absolute alcohol two change. it was stained in orange G for 2-3 minutes. Rinsed in absolute alcohol two change. Stained in E.A. 50 3 -5 minutes. Rinsed in 70%, 90% alcohol, and absolute alcohol two dips each of one. follow by cleared in xylene and mounted by DPX. At the end Examined under a light microscope.

Result:
After being examined under a microscope was observed squamous epithelial cells from the oral mucosa.

Squamous epithelial cell under 10x
Stained by Papanicolaou

Squamous epithelial cell under 40x
Stained by Papanicolaou

Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation, and Squamous cell staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) .

Lab report (3)

Buccal Smear Preparation and Squamous cell Staining

Student name
Academic number

Objective:
Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation, and Squamous cell staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) .

Material:
ᴥ Microscopic glass slide.
ᴥ Wooden stick or spatula.
Glass coverslip. ᴥ
95% , 90% and 70% alcohol . ᴥ
H & E stain.ᴥ

Collection:
Gently mouth was scrapped with the wooden stick for 5-10 seconds.
Then, smear in wooden stick was speared over the glass slide for 2 – 3 seconds.

Procedure:
First slide was fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol fixative immediately for 15 minutes. Then it was treated with 70% alcohol for 2 minutes. After that it was treated by tap water for 2 minutes. It was stained in Harr’s hematoxylin for 5 – 8 minutes. Rinsed in tap water briefly. Next Stained with eosin for 3 – 5 mins. Dehydrated in descending alcohol start with 70% , 90% , 95% then dipped in xylene and mounted with DPX. Finally slide was examined under microscope.

Result:
After being examined under the microscope was observed squamous epithelial cells from the oral mucosa.

Urine cytology examination aim to identify cells in a urine specimen from the urinary system by examining them under a microscope.

Lab report (1)

Cytology of Urine
Sedimentation and smearing

Student name
Academic number


Objective:
Urine cytology examination aim to identify cells in a urine specimen from the urinary system by examining them under a microscope.

Materials & Procedure:
Materials:
ᴥ Disposable dropper.
ᴥ Clean centrifuge tube.
ᴥ Clean microscope slide.
ᴥ Coverslip.
ᴥ Centrifuge.
ᴥ Light microscope

Procedure:
The steps are as follows:
1. In the beginning the urine sample was mixed then 5 ml was placed in a clean centrifuge tube.
2. Next urine was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for five minutes.
After centrifugation was completed, sediment may be visible at the bottom of the tube
3. Supernatant was discarded, carefully avoiding disruption of the material at the bottom, leaving 2 to 3 drops of supernatant to remix with the sediment.
4. Gently the tube was flicked with a finger to reconstitute the sediment with the remaining urine.
5. Then sediment was transferred to a clean microscope slide with a disposable dropper.
6. Coverslip was placed over the sample, finally microscopic examination of the sediment is performed on low power (10×), to evaluate the quantity of material present and the quality of the sample preparation.
High-power examination to evaluate cell morphology and number and identify casts and crystals. Each of these elements may be counted by averaging the number of elements in 10 fields.
Result:
After the urine specimen was examined under the microscope different elements were identified as represented below table:

White and Red blood cells

Epithelial Cells

Casts

Cast

Candida albicans

Transitional cell

Performing urine smear was stained with Diff-Quik stain and examined under different power to identify various cellular elements in the urine sample.

Lab report (2)

Preparation of urine for cytology

Student name
Academic number


Objective:
Performing urine smear was stained with Diff-Quik stain and examined under different power to identify various cellular elements in the urine sample.

Materials:
ᴥ Disposable dropper.
ᴥ Clean centrifuge tube.
ᴥ Centrifuge.
ᴥ Clean microscope slide.
ᴥ Spreader slide.
ᴥ Light microscope.
procedure:
In the first step centrifuge tube was filled with well-mixed, fresh urine taken from the bottom of the sample container.
The sample was centrifuged (and a balance tube)
After centrifugation, a concentrated pellet of formed elements should be visible at the bottom of the tube.
Then gently the supernatant was removed, and a small amount of urine was leaved to resuspend the pellet.
The bottom of the tube was Lightly flicked multiple times with a finger to gently resuspend the formed elements.
Next, the slide was labeled appropriately
A new pipette was used to add a drop of sample on a glass slide, similar to preparing a blood film.
} Clean glass spreader slide was placed on the labeled slide, at approximately 30°–40°, in front of the drop of urine.
The Spreader slide was backed into the drop allowing the material to spread along the edge of the spreader slide.
It was moved toward the end of the specimen slide, keeping the two in contact with each other.
In the middle of the slide, abruptly the urine sample was stopped spread, and lift the spreader slide straight up to form a line of material.

Air dry thoroughly and then the slide was stained using Romanowsky cytology stain

Stain component and method:
The Diff-Quik stain consists of
a fixative agent (methanol, blue).
Solution I (eosinophilic, orange) .
Solution II (basophilic, blue).
Generally, the slide was dipped sequentially into each solution 5 – 6 times and allowed excess to drained after each dip.
Then the slide was rinsed in distilled water
The slide was blotted or allowed to dry in air.
examined at low power to identify structures and then under high power. Finally

Results: After the smear was examined under a microscope were seen various cellular elements were as below shown:

Red &White blood cells Crystal

Hyphae urothelial cell Cluster of

Lab report (2)

Preparation of urine for cytology

Student name
Academic number


Objective:
Performing urine smear was stained with Diff-Quik stain and examined under different power to identify various cellular elements in the urine sample.

Materials:
ᴥ Disposable dropper.
ᴥ Clean centrifuge tube.
ᴥ Centrifuge.
ᴥ Clean microscope slide.
ᴥ Spreader slide.
ᴥ Light microscope.
procedure:
In the first step centrifuge tube was filled with well-mixed, fresh urine taken from the bottom of the sample container.
The sample was centrifuged (and a balance tube)
After centrifugation, a concentrated pellet of formed elements should be visible at the bottom of the tube.
Then gently the supernatant was removed, and a small amount of urine was leaved to resuspend the pellet.
The bottom of the tube was Lightly flicked multiple times with a finger to gently resuspend the formed elements.
Next, the slide was labeled appropriately
A new pipette was used to add a drop of sample on a glass slide, similar to preparing a blood film.
} Clean glass spreader slide was placed on the labeled slide, at approximately 30°–40°, in front of the drop of urine.
The Spreader slide was backed into the drop allowing the material to spread along the edge of the spreader slide.
It was moved toward the end of the specimen slide, keeping the two in contact with each other.
In the middle of the slide, abruptly the urine sample was stopped spread, and lift the spreader slide straight up to form a line of material.

Air dry thoroughly and then the slide was stained using Romanowsky cytology stain

Stain component and method:
The Diff-Quik stain consists of
a fixative agent (methanol, blue).
Solution I (eosinophilic, orange) .
Solution II (basophilic, blue).
Generally, the slide was dipped sequentially into each solution 5 – 6 times and allowed excess to drained after each dip.
Then the slide was rinsed in distilled water
The slide was blotted or allowed to dry in air.
examined at low power to identify structures and then under high power. Finally

Results: After the smear was examined under a microscope were seen various cellular elements were as below shown:

Red &White blood cells Crystal

Hyphae urothelial cell Cluster of

Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation and Squamous cell staining with Papanicolaou (Pap) stain.

Lab report ( 4 )
Buccal Smear Preparation and Squamous cell Staining

Tahani Al-Thagafi Student name
44480480 Academic number


Objective:
Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation and Squamous cell staining with Papanicolaou (Pap) stain.

Material:
ᴥ Microscopic glass slide.
ᴥ Wooden stick or spatula.
Glass coverslip. ᴥ
. Alcohol 95% , 90% and 70% ᴥ
ᴥ Papanicolaou (Pap) stain .

Collection:
Gently mouth was scrapped with the wooden stick for 5-10 seconds.
Then, smear in wooden stick was speared over the glass slide for 2 – 3 seconds.

Procedure :
First slide was fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol fixative immediately for 15 minutes. Then it was treated with 70% alcohol for 2 minutes. After that, it was treated with tap water for 2 minutes. It was stained in Harr’s hematoxylin for 4 minutes. Rinsed in tap water briefly. Next dehydrated in absolute alcohol two change. it was stained in orange G for 2-3 minutes. Rinsed in absolute alcohol two change. Stained in E.A. 50 3 -5 minutes. Rinsed in 70%, 90% alcohol, and absolute alcohol two dips each of one. follow by cleared in xylene and mounted by DPX. At the end Examined under a light microscope.

Result:
After being examined under a microscope was observed squamous epithelial cells from the oral mucosa.

Squamous epithelial cell under 10x
Stained by Papanicolaou

Squamous epithelial cell under 40x
Stained by Papanicolaou

Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation, and Squamous cell staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) .

Lab report (3)

Buccal Smear Preparation and Squamous cell Staining

Tahani Al-Thagafi Student name
44480480 Academic number

Objective:
Practice to Collect sample from Buccal, smear preparation, and Squamous cell staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) .

Material:
ᴥ Microscopic glass slide.
ᴥ Wooden stick or spatula.
Glass coverslip. ᴥ
95% , 90% and 70% alcohol . ᴥ
H & E stain.ᴥ

Collection:
Gently mouth was scrapped with the wooden stick for 5-10 seconds.
Then, smear in wooden stick was speared over the glass slide for 2 – 3 seconds.

Procedure:
First slide was fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol fixative immediately for 15 minutes. Then it was treated with 70% alcohol for 2 minutes. After that it was treated by tap water for 2 minutes. It was stained in Harr’s hematoxylin for 5 – 8 minutes. Rinsed in tap water briefly. Next Stained with eosin for 3 – 5 mins. Dehydrated in descending alcohol start with 70% , 90% , 95% then dipped in xylene and mounted with DPX. Finally slide was examined under microscope.

Result:
After being examined under the microscope was observed squamous epithelial cells from the oral mucosa.

Performing urine smear was stained with Diff-Quik stain and examined under different power to identify various cellular elements in the urine sample.

Lab report (2)

Preparation of urine for cytology

Tahani Al-Thagafi Student name
44480480 Academic number


Objective:
Performing urine smear was stained with Diff-Quik stain and examined under different power to identify various cellular elements in the urine sample.

Materials:
ᴥ Disposable dropper.
ᴥ Clean centrifuge tube.
ᴥ Centrifuge.
ᴥ Clean microscope slide.
ᴥ Spreader slide.
ᴥ Light microscope.
procedure:
In the first step centrifuge tube was filled with well-mixed, fresh urine taken from the bottom of the sample container.
The sample was centrifuged (and a balance tube)
After centrifugation, a concentrated pellet of formed elements should be visible at the bottom of the tube.
Then gently the supernatant was removed, and a small amount of urine was leaved to resuspend the pellet.
The bottom of the tube was Lightly flicked multiple times with a finger to gently resuspend the formed elements.
Next, the slide was labeled appropriately
A new pipette was used to add a drop of sample on a glass slide, similar to preparing a blood film.
} Clean glass spreader slide was placed on the labeled slide, at approximately 30°–40°, in front of the drop of urine.
The Spreader slide was backed into the drop allowing the material to spread along the edge of the spreader slide.
It was moved toward the end of the specimen slide, keeping the two in contact with each other.
In the middle of the slide, abruptly the urine sample was stopped spread, and lift the spreader slide straight up to form a line of material.

Air dry thoroughly and then the slide was stained using Romanowsky cytology stain

Stain component and method:
The Diff-Quik stain consists of
a fixative agent (methanol, blue).
Solution I (eosinophilic, orange) .
Solution II (basophilic, blue).
Generally, the slide was dipped sequentially into each solution 5 – 6 times and allowed excess to drained after each dip.
Then the slide was rinsed in distilled water
The slide was blotted or allowed to dry in air.
examined at low power to identify structures and then under high power. Finally

Results: After the smear was examined under a microscope were seen various cellular elements were as below shown:

Red &White blood cells Crystal

Hyphae urothelial cell Cluster of

Urine cytology examination aim to identify cells in a urine specimen from the urinary system by examining them under a microscope.

Lab report (1)

Cytology of Urine
Sedimentation and smearing

Tahani Al-Thagafi Student name
44480480 Academic number


Objective:
Urine cytology examination aim to identify cells in a urine specimen from the urinary system by examining them under a microscope.

Materials & Procedure:
Materials:
ᴥ Disposable dropper.
ᴥ Clean centrifuge tube.
ᴥ Clean microscope slide.
ᴥ Coverslip.
ᴥ Centrifuge.
ᴥ Light microscope

Procedure:
The steps are as follows:
1. In the beginning the urine sample was mixed then 5 ml was placed in a clean centrifuge tube.
2. Next urine was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for five minutes.
After centrifugation was completed, sediment may be visible at the bottom of the tube
3. Supernatant was discarded, carefully avoiding disruption of the material at the bottom, leaving 2 to 3 drops of supernatant to remix with the sediment.
4. Gently the tube was flicked with a finger to reconstitute the sediment with the remaining urine.
5. Then sediment was transferred to a clean microscope slide with a disposable dropper.
6. Coverslip was placed over the sample, finally microscopic examination of the sediment is performed on low power (10×), to evaluate the quantity of material present and the quality of the sample preparation.
High-power examination to evaluate cell morphology and number and identify casts and crystals. Each of these elements may be counted by averaging the number of elements in 10 fields.
Result:
After the urine specimen was examined under the microscope different elements were identified as represented below table:

White and Red blood cells

Epithelial Cells

Casts

Cast

Candida albicans

Transitional cell

Summarize what you have learned from developing an annotated bibliography. Summarize what you learned from your research in a separate paragraph or two at the end of the paper. List the main points you learned from your research. Summarize the main contributions of the sources you chose and how they enhanced your knowledge about the topic.

Assessment 2 Instructions: Applying Research Skills
PRINT
Create a 2-4 page annotated bibliography and summary based on your research related to best practices addressing one of the health care problems or issues in the Assessment Topic Areas media piece faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.
INTRODUCTION
In your professional life, you will need to find credible evidence to support your decisions and your plans of action. You will want to keep abreast of best practices to help your organization adapt to the ever-changing health care environment. Being adept at research will help you find the information you need. For this assessment, you will review the Assessment Topic Areas media piece and select one of the health care problems or issues to research, which will be a current health care problem or issue faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.
INSTRUCTIONS
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.For this assessment, research best practices related to a current health care problem. Your selected problem or issue will be utilized again in Assessment 4. To explore your chosen topic, you should use the first two steps of the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach to aid your critical thinking.
View the Assessment Topic Areas media piece and select one of the health care problems or issues in the media piece to research. Write a brief overview of the selected topic. In your overview:
Summarize the health care problem or issue.
Describe your interest in the topic.
Describe any professional experience you have with this topic.
Identify peer-reviewed articles relevant to health care issue or problem.
Conduct a search for scholarly or academic peer-reviewed literature related to the topic and describe the criteria you used to search for articles, including the names of the databases you used. You will select four current scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles published during the past 3–5 years that relate to your topic.
Refer to the NHS-FPX4000: Developing a Health Care Perspective Library Guide to help you locate appropriate references.
Use keywords related to the health care problem or issue you are researching to select relevant articles.
Assess the credibility and explain relevance of the information sources you find.
Determine if the source is from an academic peer-reviewed journal.
Determine if the publication is current.
Determine if information in the academic peer-reviewed journal article is still relevant.
Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format. Provide rationale for inclusion of each selected article. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to document a list of references along with key information about each one. The detail about the reference is the annotation. Developing this annotated bibliography will create a foundation of knowledge about the selected topic. In your annotated bibliography:
Identify the purpose of the article.
Summarize the information.
Provide rationale for inclusion of each article.
Include the conclusions and findings of the article.
Write your annotated bibliography in a paragraph form. The annotated bibliography should be approximately 150 words (1–3 paragraphs) in length.
List the full reference for the source in APA format (author, date, title, publisher, et cetera) and use APA format for the annotated bibliography.
Make sure the references are listed in alphabetical order, are double-spaced, and use hanging indents.
Summarize what you have learned from developing an annotated bibliography.
Summarize what you learned from your research in a separate paragraph or two at the end of the paper.
List the main points you learned from your research.
Summarize the main contributions of the sources you chose and how they enhanced your knowledge about the topic.
Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:
Assessment 2 Example [PDF].
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:
Length: 2–4 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the title page and reference page.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
APA tutorial: Use the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] for guidance.
Written communication: Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Content: Provide a title page and reference page following APA style.
References: Use at least four scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles.
APA format: Follow current APA guidelines for in-text citation of outside sources in the body of your paper and also on the reference page.
COMPETENCIES MEASURED
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
Competency 2: Apply scholarly information through critical thinking to solve problems in the field of health care.
Assess the credibility and relevance of information sources.
Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format.
Summarize what was learned from developing an annotated bibliography.
Competency 4: Write for a specific audience, in appropriate tone and style, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
Apply academic peer reviewed journal articles relevant to the health care problem or issue being researched.
Produce text with minimal grammatical, usage, spelling, and mechanical errors.
Integrate into text appropriate use of scholarly sources, evidence, and citation style.

Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format. Provide rationale for inclusion of each selected article. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to document a list of references along with key information about each one. The detail about the reference is the annotation. Developing this annotated bibliography will create a foundation of knowledge about the selected topic. In your annotated bibliography: Identify the purpose of the article. Summarize the information. Provide rationale for inclusion of each article. Include the conclusions and findings of the article. Write your annotated bibliography in a paragraph form. The annotated bibliography should be approximately 150 words (1–3 paragraphs) in length. List the full reference for the source in APA format (author, date, title, publisher, et cetera) and use APA format for the annotated bibliography. Make sure the references are listed in alphabetical order, are double-spaced, and use hanging indents.

Assessment 2 Instructions: Applying Research Skills
PRINT
Create a 2-4 page annotated bibliography and summary based on your research related to best practices addressing one of the health care problems or issues in the Assessment Topic Areas media piece faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.
INTRODUCTION
In your professional life, you will need to find credible evidence to support your decisions and your plans of action. You will want to keep abreast of best practices to help your organization adapt to the ever-changing health care environment. Being adept at research will help you find the information you need. For this assessment, you will review the Assessment Topic Areas media piece and select one of the health care problems or issues to research, which will be a current health care problem or issue faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.
INSTRUCTIONS
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.For this assessment, research best practices related to a current health care problem. Your selected problem or issue will be utilized again in Assessment 4. To explore your chosen topic, you should use the first two steps of the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach to aid your critical thinking.
View the Assessment Topic Areas media piece and select one of the health care problems or issues in the media piece to research. Write a brief overview of the selected topic. In your overview:
Summarize the health care problem or issue.
Describe your interest in the topic.
Describe any professional experience you have with this topic.
Identify peer-reviewed articles relevant to health care issue or problem.
Conduct a search for scholarly or academic peer-reviewed literature related to the topic and describe the criteria you used to search for articles, including the names of the databases you used. You will select four current scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles published during the past 3–5 years that relate to your topic.
Refer to the NHS-FPX4000: Developing a Health Care Perspective Library Guide to help you locate appropriate references.
Use keywords related to the health care problem or issue you are researching to select relevant articles.
Assess the credibility and explain relevance of the information sources you find.
Determine if the source is from an academic peer-reviewed journal.
Determine if the publication is current.
Determine if information in the academic peer-reviewed journal article is still relevant.
Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format. Provide rationale for inclusion of each selected article. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to document a list of references along with key information about each one. The detail about the reference is the annotation. Developing this annotated bibliography will create a foundation of knowledge about the selected topic. In your annotated bibliography:
Identify the purpose of the article.
Summarize the information.
Provide rationale for inclusion of each article.
Include the conclusions and findings of the article.
Write your annotated bibliography in a paragraph form. The annotated bibliography should be approximately 150 words (1–3 paragraphs) in length.
List the full reference for the source in APA format (author, date, title, publisher, et cetera) and use APA format for the annotated bibliography.
Make sure the references are listed in alphabetical order, are double-spaced, and use hanging indents.
Summarize what you have learned from developing an annotated bibliography.
Summarize what you learned from your research in a separate paragraph or two at the end of the paper.
List the main points you learned from your research.
Summarize the main contributions of the sources you chose and how they enhanced your knowledge about the topic.
Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:
Assessment 2 Example [PDF].
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:
Length: 2–4 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the title page and reference page.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
APA tutorial: Use the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] for guidance.
Written communication: Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Content: Provide a title page and reference page following APA style.
References: Use at least four scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles.
APA format: Follow current APA guidelines for in-text citation of outside sources in the body of your paper and also on the reference page.
COMPETENCIES MEASURED
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
Competency 2: Apply scholarly information through critical thinking to solve problems in the field of health care.
Assess the credibility and relevance of information sources.
Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format.
Summarize what was learned from developing an annotated bibliography.
Competency 4: Write for a specific audience, in appropriate tone and style, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
Apply academic peer reviewed journal articles relevant to the health care problem or issue being researched.
Produce text with minimal grammatical, usage, spelling, and mechanical errors.
Integrate into text appropriate use of scholarly sources, evidence, and citation style.